Robert Ludlum. 23 books (LIT)

作者: Robert Ludlum

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Author: Robert Ludlum

List: Bourne 01 - The Bourne Identity.lit Bourne 02 - The Bourne Supremacy.lit Bourne 03 - The Bourne Ultimatum.lit Covert-One 1 - The Hades Factor.lit Covert-One 2 - The Cassandra Compact.lit Covert-One 3 - The Paris Option .lit Covert-One 4 - The Altman Code.lit Matlock Paper.lit The Aquataine Progression.lit The Cry Of The Halidon.lit The Gemini Contenders.lit The Icarus Agenda.lit The Janson Directive.lit The Matarese Circle.lit The Matarese Countdown.lit The Matlock Paper.lit The Parcifal Mosaic.lit The Prometheus Deception.lit The Rhineman Exchange.lit The Road To Gandolfo.lit The Road To Omaha.lit The Scarlatti Inheritance.lit The Sigma Protocol.lit The Tristan Betrayal.lit Robert Ludlum (May 25, 1927 New York City - March 12, 2001 Naples, Florida) was an American author of 29 thriller novels. There are more than 210 million of his books in print, and they have been translated into 32 languages. He died in 2001, reportedly leaving behind several unpublished manuscripts and rough outlines, which continue to be dusted off and published with the help of ghostwriters. Ludlum also published books under the pseudonyms Jonathan Ryder and Michael Shepherd. Ludlum was once a theatrical actor and producer. His theatrical experience may have contributed to his understanding of the energy, escapism and action that the public wanted to see in a novel. He once remarked: "I equate suspense and good theater in a very similar way. I think it's all suspense and what-happens-next. From that point of view, yes, I guess, I am theatrical." His stories typically feature one man or a small group of individuals up against powerful adversaries capable of using political and economic machinery in frightening ways. Ludlum's vision of the world is one where global corporations, shadowy military forces and government organizations conspire to preserve or undermine the status quo. With the exception of occasional gaps in his knowledge of firearms, his novels are meticulously researched, replete with technical, physical and biological details, including research on amnesia for The Bourne Identity which was a grand success. Ludlum's novels were often inspired by Conspiracy theory, both historical and contemporary. He wrote that The Matarese Circle was inspired by rumors about the Trilateral Commission, and it was published only a few years after the commission was founded. His portrayal of terrorism in books such as The Holcroft Covenant and The Matarese Circle reflects the theory that terrorists are pawns of governments or private organizations that wish to use the terror as a pretext for establishing authoritarian rule. Despite his success, Ludlum has never received the acclaim found by other writers of the genre, such as John Le Carre. Critics dislike his use of italics, short sentences, exclamation marks, dashes and other techniques, and found fault with his abundant melodrama, simplistic characters and limited psychological development. However, it was Ludlum who first wrote the thriller in the modern style that one recognises today, setting the stage for writers such as David Morrell, Gayle Lynds and Daniel Silva. He popularized the notion of American and Soviet intelligence operatives working together, and the CIA conducting illegal operations on American soil. Both premises, once derided as being fictional, are now accepted as fact. Some of Ludlum's novels have been made into films and mini-series, including The Osterman Weekend, The Holcroft Covenant, The Apocalypse Watch, The Bourne Identity, and The Bourne Supremacy. The Bourne series, with protagonist Matt Damon, has been very successful commercially and critically, although the story lines depart significantly from the source material.

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